Chapter 25 Structural transformations of the public sphere (Keane)

Since every chapter in this part is about public sphere, I come to wonder the specfic relationship between democracy and public sphere. Is democracy more of an abstract idea, while the public sphere emphasizes the "spatial relationship"? Or the public sphere is a path to and a necessary part of democracy? Or democrary emphasizes on this particular political system, while the public sphere emphasizes more on the specific debates, discussions, and communication among citizens? What are the specific roles of the public spheres in democrocy?

The author differentiates micro-public spheres, meso-public spheres, and macro-public spheres, which is very helpful in understanding the concept of public spheres. But I don't quite understand the author's use of the word "refeudalization", which, as he claims, is different from Habermas's use. To me the transformations of the public spheres do not have implications of "feudalization".